Table of Contents Frameshift Mutation Definition Frameshift mutations occur when nucleotides in the coding region are inserted or deleted, resulting in an altered amino acid sequence during codon translation. A phenotypic alteration, such as the synthesis of an altered protein, may occur from this sort of mutation. What is Frameshift
Table of Contents Mutagen Definition A mutagen is a chemical or agent that alters the DNA sequence by causing DNA impairment. Mutation is the term for this change in DNA sequence. What is a Mutagen? A mutagen is a substance that induces mutations in living organisms. Physical, chemical, and biological
Table of Contents Polygenic Trait Definition A polygenic trait is a characteristic, sometimes we call them phenotypes, that are affected by many, many different genes. A classic example of this would be height. What is a Polygenic Trait? A polygenic trait is one in which a number of non-allelic genes
Table of Contents Pleiotropy Definition Pleiotropy is a phenomenon that occurs when a single gene affects several characteristics of living creatures. Pleiotropy can be caused by a gene mutation. Marfan syndrome, a human genetic disease affecting the connective tissues, is an example of pleiotropy. The eyes, heart, blood vessels, and
Table of Contents Chromatin Definition Chromatin is a nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) and protein combination (e.g. histones). It was discovered in 1882. Originally considered to be merely a colourful material in the nucleus, chromatin was subsequently shown to be proteins linked to DNA, and DNA was recognised as the
Table of Contents Genetic Engineering Definition Genetic engineering is a technique for selecting and implanting a specific gene into a recipient organism. As a result, the cell that got such an implant can begin generating molecules that perform the required activities. Recombinant DNA, molecular cloning, and transformation are all used
Table of Contents Genetic Material Definition Cellular material capable of self-propagation and variation that plays a key role in shaping the structure and type of cell substances. A gene, a portion of a gene, a set of genes, a DNA (or RNA) molecule, a fragment of DNA (or RNA), a
Table of Contents What is Protein Synthesis? Protein synthesis is the process by which cells produce protein molecules using DNA, RNA, and different enzymes. Transcription and translation are the two steps that make up protein synthesis. Meanwhile, in eukaryotic cells, the process of making transcripts starts in the nucleus (mRNA).
Table of Contents Carrier Protein Definition A carrier protein is a type of protein in biology that transports a specific item across intracellular compartments, into the extracellular fluid, or between cells, as opposed to channel proteins, which are another form of membrane transport protein that transports molecules less selectively. Carrier
Table of Contents Mutation Mutation originates from a Latin word which means change. Changes in the chromosome due alteration of a nucleotide sequence. This is called as Mutation. They can pass from one generation to another and are usually present forever within in an organism. Small scale mutations and large-scale