Early prokaryotes flourished in a biosphere deprived of oxygen around 3.8 billion years ago. Some of these creatures eventually developed to be able to use light, water, and carbon dioxide to produce chemical energy-rich compounds while also creating oxygen molecules as a byproduct.

The method of producing food using light energy is now known as photosynthesis, and the creatures that can do it are known as autotrophs. As a result, more species, ranging from single-celled algae to multicellular autotrophs like vascular plants, were able to consume carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and eventually give oxygen to the environment. As the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere evolved, so did the diversity of aerobic creatures that lived and developed.

This permits more sophisticated life forms, such as vascular plants, animals, and humans, to thrive in the presence of oxygen. To answer the question, “How is biodiversity connected to the biosphere?”, the answer is straightforward. It resulted in a “healthy” environment teeming with various species. When we say “healthy,” we imply that different groups are able to fill distinct ecological niches.

Autotrophs are the food chain’s producers. Heterotrophs play the function of natural biological controls since they are unable to generate food in the same manner that autotrophs can, and so must devour other species.

Herbivores are heterotrophic organisms that only eat plants. Those who consume only animal flesh are known as carnivores, whereas those who eat both plants and animal meat are known as omnivores.

Decomposers are another significant ecological niche. These organisms breakdown deceased creatures or decaying tissues, as well as turning organic materials into simpler chemicals or molecules that feed the Earth. Fungi, for example, degrade dead plants and animal matter. They decompose the cells of deceased plants and animals into simpler compounds, which the environment may use as organic nutrients.