Membrane Transport: Protein, Examples, and Types
Membrane Transport o Concentration of ions inside and outside a cell are very different: o Na+ is more plentiful outside the cell o Cl- is more plentiful outside the cell…
Membrane Transport o Concentration of ions inside and outside a cell are very different: o Na+ is more plentiful outside the cell o Cl- is more plentiful outside the cell…
Plasma Membrane / Cell Membrane o The cytosol of nearly all prokaryotes is surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer called the plasma membrane (the membranes of archaea differ in their lipid…
What are Prokaryotes o Prokaryotes don’t have a membrane bound nucleus. o They are split into two distinct domains called Bacteria and Archaea. o Archaea have as much in common…
What are Viruses o Viruses are tiny infectious agents, much smaller than bacteria. o They are comparable in size to large proteins. o In its most basic form, a virus…
What is Meiosis? o Meiosis is double nuclear division which produces four haploid gametes (also called germ cells). o In humans, only the spermatogonium and the oogonium (both diploid) undergo…
What is Mitosis o Mitosis is nuclear division without genetic change, and results in genetically identical daughter cells, o Mitosis varies among eukaryotes. o For instance, fungi don’t have centrioles…
Cell Cycle Phases o Every cell has a life cycle that begins with the birth of the cell and ends with the death or division of the cell. Cell Cycle…
Chromosomes o Sections of DNA that aren’t in use are wrapped tightly around globular proteins called histones. o Eight histones wrapped in DNA form a nucleosome. o Nucleosomes, in turn,…
Cancer Cells o Cancer cells continue to grow and divide indefinitely. o A mass of cancer cells is called a tumor. o A tumor is benign if it is localized…
Mutations Definition o Any alteration in the genome that is not genetic recombination is called a mutation. o A gene mutation is the alteration in the sequence of DNA nucleotides…