Protein Synthesis or Protein Translation o Protein Translation is the process of protein synthesis directed by mRNA. o mRNA is the template which carries the genetic code from the nucleus…
Genetic Code Chart o There are four different nucleotides in RNA that together must form an unambiguous code for the 20 common amino acids. o The code must be a…
DNA Technology: Nucleic Acid Hybridization o When heated or immersed in high concentration salt solution or high pH solution, the hydrogen bonds connecting the two strands in a double stranded…
Post Transcriptional Modification in Prokaryotes o rRNA and tRNA go through posttranscriptional processing. o Almost all mRNA is directly translated to protein. Post Transcriptional Modification in Eukaryotes o Each…
Differences between DNA and RNA (RNA vs DNA) ○ Carbon #2 on the pentose is not “deoxygenated” (it has a hydroxyl group attached). ○ RNA is single stranded. ○ RNA…
RNA Transcription ○ All RNA is manufactured from a DNA template in a process called RNA transcription. ○ Transcription requires a promoter; Replication requires a primer. ○ The beginning of…
DNA Replication • DNA replication is semiconservative. • This means that when a new double strand is created, it contains one strand from the original DNA, and one newly synthesized…
Chromosomes, Genes, DNA ○ A gene is a series of DNA nucleotides that generally codes for the production of a single polypeptide or mRNA, tRNA, rRNA. ○ The entire DNA…
Electron Transport Chain (ETC) Electron Transport Chain (ETC) is an aerobic, occurs across the inner cell membrane for prokaryotes, inner mitochondrial membrane for eukaryotes. Structure of Electron Transport Chain (ETC)…
Krebs Cycle or TCA Cycle Krebs Cycle or TCA Cycle is an aerobic process, occurs in the cytoplasm for prokaryotes, mitochondrial matrix for eukaryotes. The process of ATP production in…